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One of the things important for acne treatment is the correction of hyperkeratinization of epidermis. There are several methods that can be used to correct hyperkeratinization. One of the treatments that is easy to perform in clinical settings using products that can be easily obtained is chemical peeling.

 

There are various peeling methods but this part will address peeling using hydroxy acids that are contained in several plants. Chemical peeling has a long history. Cleopatra in Egypt is said to have taken a bath in sour milk. There are records of women in the ancient Rome taking a bath in grape skins left over in wine containers. Sour milk has very strong smell but it contains lactic acid, and the fermented grape skins are rich in tartaric acids. Skin care using hydroxy acids has been performed since ancient times.

 

The treatment using hydroxy acids accelerates the cell cycle, weakens the cohesiveness of corneous cells and causes peeling. According to a variety of studies, it has been proven to be effective in improving or removing wrinkles, freckles, age spots, melasma, and rough skin texture caused by photoaging.

 

Treatment with hydroxy acid with less than 20% concentration weakens the cohesiveness between dead skin cells immediately above stratum granulosum and causes peeling to make stratum corneum thinner, but it does not lead to thinning of the epidermis as a whole. The acceleration of cell cycle and the exfoliation mechanism improve skin tone and the surface of skin becomes smoother.

 

Peeling is administered primarily for acne, aging skin, and pigmentation. There is a variety of products available on the market, but with even basic knowledge, it is possible to choose an economical product for effective treatment without the need to purchase the high-end expensive peeling agents.

 

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Chemical constitution of several hydroxy acids

 

Three mechanisms of chemical peeling

 

Stimulus of the growth of epidermis by removing stratum corneum

– Removing dead skin cells and making the epidermis thicker

 

Destruction of specific layers of damaged skin

– Destruction of degenerated parts and replacement with normal tissues

 

Inducing a reaction in deeper parts than the peeling part

– Inducing creation of new collagen and GAG in thick skin

 

To ensure uniform peeling effect, it is necessary to perform cleansing of the area and then wipe the area with ethanol or acetone to remove sebum before the treatment. In addition to this, it is important to perform a check for allergic reaction by applying a small amount to the skin behind the ear because some patients may show allergic reaction to the peeling solution.

 

To set the application methods evenly, treatment standardization is necessary for operators.